Free Essays on Homelessness

When many people think of homelessness they think that the homeless are a group of crazy bums, drunks and people that are too lazy to work, as did one of our presidents Ronald Reagan. Yet if we think about it, not all homeless people fall into these categories. There are many reasons people become homeless. People become homeless due to job loss, generally without hope for future employment, inability to recover from low paying jobs, natural disasters and/or illness. Other reasons people become homeless are of mental illness, drug and alcohol addiction. Even though one-third of the homeless population is mentally ill, and this is a great number, it doesn’t mean that all homeless are mentally ill. â€Å"Did you know that† here are a few facts about homelessness: 1. The typical homeless person in America is a child. 2. Children and families make up the fastest growing segment of the homeless population. 3. There are 6,000 families living in the New York City shelter system. Ten times that number are one step away from homelessness. 4. Over half of all homeless children have never lived in their own home. Over forty percent have been homeless more than once. 5. Over one-third of homeless families have an open case for child abuse or neglect; one out of five have lost at least one child to foster care. 6. Nearly half of homeless children either have witnessed or have been subjected to violence in their home. 7. The typical homeless family is a single, 20-year-old mother with two children under the age of six. Now think about the facts and put yourself in this situation, the typical homeless family consists of an unmarried 20-year-old mother with one or two children under the age of 6, probably fathered by different men. It is found common that this young mother never completed high school and never worked to support her family. There is a one in five chance that she was in foster care as a child; if so, she ... Free Essays on Homelessness Free Essays on Homelessness When many people think of homelessness they think that the homeless are a group of crazy bums, drunks and people that are too lazy to work, as did one of our presidents Ronald Reagan. Yet if we think about it, not all homeless people fall into these categories. There are many reasons people become homeless. People become homeless due to job loss, generally without hope for future employment, inability to recover from low paying jobs, natural disasters and/or illness. Other reasons people become homeless are of mental illness, drug and alcohol addiction. Even though one-third of the homeless population is mentally ill, and this is a great number, it doesn’t mean that all homeless are mentally ill. â€Å"Did you know that† here are a few facts about homelessness: 1. The typical homeless person in America is a child. 2. Children and families make up the fastest growing segment of the homeless population. 3. There are 6,000 families living in the New York City shelter system. Ten times that number are one step away from homelessness. 4. Over half of all homeless children have never lived in their own home. Over forty percent have been homeless more than once. 5. Over one-third of homeless families have an open case for child abuse or neglect; one out of five have lost at least one child to foster care. 6. Nearly half of homeless children either have witnessed or have been subjected to violence in their home. 7. The typical homeless family is a single, 20-year-old mother with two children under the age of six. Now think about the facts and put yourself in this situation, the typical homeless family consists of an unmarried 20-year-old mother with one or two children under the age of 6, probably fathered by different men. It is found common that this young mother never completed high school and never worked to support her family. There is a one in five chance that she was in foster care as a child; if so, she ... Free Essays on Homelessness â€Å"Over the past year, over two million men, women, and children were homeless† in America. (NLCHP) Homeless people face an intense struggle just to stay alive despite the fact that society turns its head from the problem. The government makes laws that discriminate against homeless people, which make it, illegal for them to survive. The mistreatment of homeless people is an issue that is often ignored in our community (Homelessness in America). When you see a homeless person on the streets how do you react? Do you turn your head and ignore them? Do you become angry that they are living on the streets? Do you feel frightened and avoid the situation all together? Or do you see these people as human beings and treat them in that way? Homeless people are â€Å"subjected to alienation and discrimination by mainstream society†. (NLCHP) Most alienation and discrimination comes from the lack of education about homeless people. There are numerous untrue myths about homeless people. Many people believe that homeless people â€Å"commit more violent crimes than housed people.† (NLCHP) The reality is that homeless people actually commit less violent crimes than people with homes do. Brestow Hardin, of Home less in America, studied arrest records and discovered that even though homeless people were more likely to commit non-violent and non-destructive crimes, they were less likely to commit violent crimes against people. (Homelessness in America) The crimes that these people are committing are necessary to keep them alive. These crimes include sleeping, eating, and panhandling. Making it illegal to perform necessary daily activities in public when homeless people have no where else to go makes it impossible for homeless people to avoid violating the law. (NLCHP) Another myth about homeless people is that they do not work and that they get their money from public assistance programs. A study done in Chicago discovered that â€Å"39% of homeless peopl... Free Essays on Homelessness The need for emergency shelters has shown a dramatic incline in the past years. The demand for emergency shelters has rose 500% since 1988 (â€Å"Not Gone, but Forgotten?† 1). Many of people every night are stranded outside with not even a blanket for the night because all the shelters are full and sometimes the shelters will not except certain people. In some places, the waiting list to get board on a full time shelter will range from 18 to 20 months for families. The need for emergency shelters has been high do to the amount of the loss in volunteer work as well. The shelter availability in larger cities for shelter has become unreal. In Minnesota’s the nightly shelter population quadrupled between 1985 and 1997 (â€Å"Not Gone, but Forgotten?† 1). San Francisco’s Coalition for the homeless estimates that 16,000 people are there each night without a shelter, twice as many as 10 years ago (â€Å"Not Gone, but Forgotten?† 1). The homeless population continues to grow rapidly and the shelters are not growing fast enough to help keep them off the streets. Because of the extreme growth of the homeless it may be hard to provide shelter in larger cities. Housing expenses have rose so high in the 1990’s that it is hard for an average person to make house payments now. About half of the nation’s poorest households spend 70% or more of their monthly income on housing (Wright 2). In the median state a minimum-wage worker would need to work 87 hours a week to afford a two bedroom apartment at 30% of his or her income (â€Å"Why are People Homeless?† 2). In the last 10 years housing prices have almost doubled in there value in most smaller homes. Many people can not aford their homes anymore due to the increase in housing expenses. The employment field is becoming very competitive and it is becoming difficult for the homeless to find jobs. A survey in California determined that 56% of businesses require a home addres s and telephone number befo...

Comparative Words Lesson Plan

Comparative Words Lesson Plan Use these guidelines to prepare a lesson plan to teach students of any age how to use comparative words and comparative clauses to express the concepts of more or less and greater or lesser. Objectives and Goals Instruct/review adjectives as a part of speechIntroduce students to words that end in -er and/or -estOffer students the chance to practice finding similar items and comparing them through the proper use of language Anticipatory Set​ Ask students what they know about -er and -est words, as well as the word than. Explain that -er adjectives are for comparing two things, while -est words are used to compare three or more things. For older students, introduce and use the terms comparative and superlative repeatedly and hold students accountable for knowing these terms. Direct Instruction Model turning common root adjectives into comparative and superlative adjectives (examples: funny, hot, happy, big, good, etc.)Brainstorm additional adjectives and practice (as a group) putting them into sentences (example: The sun is hotter than the moon. A baby is smaller than a teenager.) Guided Practice Depending on the age and abilities of your students, you can ask the students to write their own comparative and superlative sentences from scratch. Or, for younger students, you can design and copy a worksheet with cloze sentences and they can fill in the blanks or circle the correct suffix. For example: Fill in the Blanks: The ___________ is bigger than the ___________.Circle one: The big (er or est) animal in the zoo is an elephant. Another option is to have students look through the pages of their independent reading books and search for comparative and superlative adjectives. ​ Closure Offer sharing time for the students to read aloud the sentences they completed or composed. Reinforce the core concepts with discussion and question/answer time. ​ Independent Practice For homework, have students write a given number of comparative and/or superlative sentences based on things they find in their homes, books, neighborhood, or imaginations. ​ Required Materials and Equipment Worksheets if needed, paper, pencils, student reading books if needed. ​ Assessment and Follow-Up Check completed homework assignments for correct sentence structure and grammar. Re-teach as needed. Point our comparative and superlative words as they come up in class discussion and whole group reading.

Last Hope Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Last Hope - Essay Example The poem also displays the importance of a mother in one’s life and how the loss of such an important figure can lead to a lot of grief and sorrow. Aracelis Girmay writes the poem The Dream  to express her feelings about death and the contradictions that exist within it. It is a poem which shows the irony of living as a human being, some being happy with their lot in life while others remain sad due to their the tragic events, such as death, that happen in their lives. Girmay uses this poem to display the true nature of human life, that nothing is ever permanent and death is ever present to take away the people that we value the most, and leaving behind individuals who are full of grief, sorrow, and mourning. The use of imagery is very extensive in this poem especially when making contrasts between the beauty of life and the abruptness through which it comes to an end. Girmay states that â€Å"below the window, my mother/young, playing with me/at a rock, in some sunlight/falling over us†. This statement can be employed to show what the persona in the poem thought of their mother. That the mother was alive, she was a jovial person who played with her children and was happy with them. However, it seems that death came abruptly since the tone from the poem is one of sadness. The image of night or darkness is used to refer to death as well as the feelings of grief and sorrow that are experienced by the children who are bereaved after the loss of their mother. It can be said that the image of darkness, when contrasted to the beauty of the world before the mother’s death may be Girmay’s way of stating that the world is beautiful just the way it is but it is death which mak es it not to be a pleasant place to live in due to its corrupting influence over it. This image may also be used to show the price which individuals have to pay when they lose their loved ones to death because nothing

European Law assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

European Law assessment - Essay Example Essentially, if the national court has â€Å"any real doubts†¦it should ordinarily refer†.1 Sir Bingham’s interpretation is far too close to the duty imposed on the courts of final appeal. As determined by the ECJ in Srl CILFIT and Lanificio di Garvardo SpA v Ministry under Article 234 (now Article 267), a court of final appeal is required to refer to the ECJ unless the issue of Community law arising at the trial is irrelevant or had already been determined by the ECJ or the resolution is obvious.2 In other words, the court of final appeal is required to make a reference to the ECJ where there is a real doubt pertaining to an issue of Community law. The use of the word â€Å"may† in Article 267 is hardly coincidental. It could only mean that under Article 267, national courts do not have a mandatory obligation to refer questions of Community law to the ECJ.4 The duty to refer preliminary questions on the interpretation and application of Community law is only mandatory when a court of final appeal is hearing the relevant case and remedies at the national level have been exhausted.5 However, when Sir Bingham’s ruling is considered together with the wider objectives of Article 267, his interpretation of Article 267 is entirely compatible with Article 267. The provision of preliminary references under Article 267 of TFEU is often characterized as the main â€Å"procedural† nexus for linking national courts with the ECJ within the Community’s legal framework.6 It makes the procedural link between national courts and the ECJ by providing a method by which member states integrate their legal systems in that national courts can ensure that Community law are enforced throughout the Community.7 There are essentially two primary goals enshrined in Article 267 of TFEU. Firstly, the preliminary reference procedure within the ambit of Article 267 is aimed at preserving national courts’ independence. Secondly, it is aimed at facilitating consistency,

Morality Essay Essay Example for Free

Morality Essay Essay In 1994 Kevin Carter won the Pulitzer Prize for Photography thanks to a photograph that he took in the village of Ayod in Sudan of a child crawling towards a feeding center. Whether it was morally right for him to have captured that moment instead of helping the child is a debate with many people. Some people believe that it was right because it helped stop the famine in Africa, others believe it was wrong because he did not aid the child after taking the picture. It is understood that there was thousands of refugees walking and crawling towards the food center, so was he suppose to help everyone or just that child? In philosophy class we have been talking about Morality in Kant’s point of view which is the Categorical Imperative and also about the Morality point of view based on Consequentialism. I believe that it was not morally permissible for Kevin Carter to leave the child because of Kant’s point of view on Morality, and that he should have not won the Pulitzer Prize for Photography based on this photo and I will explain why in this essay. According to Kant we should base morality on the Universal Law which means we should universalize our actions. This law is the same as the Golden Rule; Treat others the way you want to be treated. What Kant established basically was that we should respect all persons morally equal. The Consequentialism point of view on morality on the other hand is that we should base it on the principle of utilitarianism which means that for an action to be moral it must produce â€Å"The Greatest amount of Good for the Greatest amount of people†. Even though I agree with the consquentialism point of view on morality I do not agree with it this time. Why? Because I believe that at all times we should treat others the way we want to be treated and that all humans are equal. This is why when answering our question I based my answer on Kant’s point of view based on morality. I believe that it was not morally permissible for Kevin Carter to leave the child after he took the picture. First of all I believe that Kevin should have not taken the picture period, he should have right away went to aid the child. Like Kant said we should treat others the way we want to be treated, if Carter was in a position like that he would have not liked to be left there to his own luck. I understand that Carter had a professional obligation where he is only an observer not a participant, which means he was only there to observe and take pictures of the whole situation. I also understand that he was there illegally and that he did not want to get caught yet he had a personal responsibility to help the child. In passage given to us by Professor Jordan it is said that Carter was with a group of photojournalist called â€Å"the Bang-Bang Club† by a Johannesburg magazine. These people wanted to make the world aware of all the issues of injustice. There is where I believe that Carter’s personal responsibility plays role. Carter wanted the world do be aware of all the issues going around the world and for them to help. They were there because they wanted other countries all around the world to stop the famine, yet he did not help a child when it was in his hands to help that child and just left. Carter here was contradicting his believes to start with. Carter did not only just take the picture but waited several minutes for the vulture to spread his wings so he could get a more dramatic shot. Carter did not only use the child to get a picture but waited patiently to get a better picture instead of scaring the vulture right away from the child and helping him or her. There were more pictures that could have impacted us, and I am sure that if he looked around he would have found this is why I do not believe he should have taken the picture. I do not believe that he should have won the Pulitzer Prize for Photography based on that photo. I think that it was wrong to win a prize by using other people. Carter used the child and did not even aid the child. Considering that I believe that it was wrong for Carter to have even taken that picture I strongly do not believe that he should have won that prize. Carter could have used any other photograph to get his point across yet he decided to use that one and take his sweet time to take it anyways, he used the child and did not help her. I honestly do no believe that he should have one that prize. In Conclusion I believe that Carter should have not used the child to take that picture, and he shouldn’t have won the prize. I believe that Carter had the responsibility to help the child because he saw the child suffering and in danger of getting attacked by the vulture. Given the fact that he was the only one there he had the responsibility to help the child. We should do unto others what we would like to be done to us. If I was in that child’s position I would have liked to be helped like I am sure Carter would have too. I think that if Carter would have helped the child he would have not been depressed and committer suicide because he would have known he did something good by helping the child. Like I said before I am pretty sure he could have chosen another photograph to get his point across to have people help stop the famine. Besides he wanted people to help yet it was in his reach to help this child and he did not? He was going against his own believes in my opinion. I believe that it was morally wrong for Carter to not help the child get to the food bank or at least a safer place, closer to were that child could get the help needed.

The Turning Point in John Updikes A & P Essay -- A&P Essays

The Turning Point in John Updike's A & P John Updike's short story "A & P" reveals nineteen-year old Sammy, the central character, as a complex person. Although Sammy appears, on the surface, as carefree and driven by male hormones, he has a lengthy agenda to settle. Through depersonalization, Sammy reveals his ideas about sexuality, social class, stereotypes, responsibility, and authority. Updike's technique, his motif, is repeated again and again through the active teenage mind of the narrator Sammy. Sammy is, like most young men, object-minded. The object of his mind is the female body. Although his upbringing and the fact that he is at work do not allow him to voice his admiration for the girls in bikinis at the A & P, he lets the reader know, in no uncertain terms, what he is thinking. He gives each girl a name--Plaid, Big Tall Goony Goony, and Queenie--based on his evaluation of their physical body parts. The game is one that teenagers play the world over, with countless hours spent seeing and being seen. The primary object to view, in Sammy's eyes, is the queen. He describes how "she must have felt in the corner of her eye me and over my shoulder Stokesie in the second slot watching, but she didn't tip. Not this queen" (28). Sammy goes on to tell how "she [...] turned so slow it made [his] stomach rub the inside of [his] apron" (28). The irony of the setting is that the girls, dressed in nothing but swimsuits, have turned the neighborhood grocery store into a human meat mark et, with themselves as the commodity of choice for the male consumer. In Sammy's mind's eye, the queen was of such regal bearing that she commanded his worship. He envisioned his well-bred idol as being of a higher social class than his own. ... ...iphany that afternoon in the A & P. Sammy's immaturity and lack of experience were largely to blame for his wrestling with conflicting roles in his transition from child to adult. Updike's protagonist was at the same time an imaginative, observant young man who stood by his convictions, defending the girls to the end. Sammy was perhaps more intelligent and more gutsy than one would like to give him credit for, however. He knew what he did not want out of life. On that Thursday afternoon in the A & P, his name game caught up with him. Quitting his job was to be a turning point for him, a time for him to confront his own issues of sexuality, social class, stereotyping, responsibility, and, on a deeper leve, authority. Work Cited Updike, John. "A & P." Literature: Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and the Essay. Ed. Robert DiYanni. 5th ed. New York: McGraw, 1998. 27-31.

Art of Living Essay

I remember when I was young, I’ve been wondering why people are living? Why we exist? Why do all these stuffs are here on earth? There are lots of questions filled up my mind yet I found no answer. I can’t think enough for these, I need answers; I have to know what is really the reason of one’s existence. I am very much sure that in millions or billions of people who are living, it’s not only me who became curious on this matter. Many of us are wondering but only few have really the intention to know. Knowledge on self exists; but sincere seekers are rare. We people are used to the concept of ‘routine’ that we do daily activities systematically and so we better not bother ourselves asking and just do what we have to do. But in the end of the day, you’ll still ask who am I? We all know that life is subjected to four laws: birth, disease, old age and death but letting go, and paying attention to what is always present naturally allows this divine life to overtake your existence. Existence of something does not only ends with the point that it exists but to what purpose and position it stands for. We people came from the Superior Soul, our God who has given us the life. We have a superior therefore we are the inferior. We are dominated and controlled as our position here. And our natural function is to render loving service to God as we serve in this world. Somebody told me there are two kinds of world: the material world which is made up of matter and subjected to perish, a world where nothing is permanent; and secondly the spiritual world or the â€Å"Kingdom of God† where there’s no night or day and full of bliss. Now, we are already living in the first kind of world, the question is how can we be in the second world? And that’s simply by being conscious or aware, the things being portrayed by Sat-Chit-Ananda and doing our real purpose which is to follow him and his instructions. Being a Christian we are told of two major instructions. The first and foremost is â€Å"Love God with all your heart, mind and entire being† and the next is â€Å"Love your neighbors even your enemies† Loving your enemies is something near impossible but not doing it is what we call ‘false Christianity’. For us to follow Him and do His instructions there must be selflessness or God-consciousness within us, and  one of the best things that shows selflessness is something portrayed in art works. Some would say, art is a way of expressing oneself but it’s not mostly like that. We would be selfish not selfless if we will make an art just to express our views, yet an artwork would be something great if it would be a catalyst of peace and other environmental issues. An artwork is beautiful because of its purpose that must connive with the natural function of the artist as a man-to serve God. We don’t just live here, we exist for a purpose and that is the art of living.

A;P: Short Story 2

A & P â€Å"A&P† written by John Updike is a short story about a young boy named Sammy. He was 19 years old and he was working at A&P mini market. One day, there were three girls shopping at the store wearing bikinis, and Sammy was surprised yet adore these three girls, until one day he quitted his job because he wanted to be their hero, but unfortunately, the girls didn’t even see him. John Updike was trying to describe Sammy as a typical youth who is trying to get some attention. At the beginning of the story, Updike didn’t really describe Sammy.Otherwise, he described more of the girls whom Sammy was looking at. But, along his writing, readers could conclude about Sammy’s physical look. Another thing is that Sammy had his job as a cash register in A&P store, and from the way Updike had written, readers could conclude that Sammy doesn’t really like his job. He calls one of his customers a â€Å"witch† and says the other customers are  "houseslaves† and â€Å"sheep. † But what makes him more hate his job is the cash-register-watcher: â€Å"She gives me a little snort in passing, if she’d been born at the right time they would have burned her over in Salem† (303).This shows how much Sammy hates her. In addition, Sammy is sexist. He gives long, loving descriptions of the girls who cause all the trouble. 1 Moreover, Sammy does experience growth through the course of the story. In fact, Updike clearly described it, as when Sammy decided to quit his job: â€Å"So I say â€Å"I Quit† to Lengel quick enough for them to hear† (308). The reader won’t expect this to be happened, but Sammy made a shocking decision by quitting his job just for the girls he’d just knew.But maybe, the reason was not just because of the girls, but also because he had enough of Lengel, and he felt he had enough for all the things he never wanted to but, but he had to. Yes, Sammy was doing his job because his parents were the friends of the store manager, Lengel: â€Å"He’s been a friend of my parents for years† (309). He learned about life, and prepared for the rough road that lies ahead. The most important part of Updike’s story is when Sammy quitted his job. Even Sammy finally knew that the girls were not heard what he said, but he continue to do what he had spilled.Updike is trying to insert some moral value here through Sammy. When Sammy said: â€Å"But it seems to me that once you begin a gesture it is fatal not to go through with it† (309). In addition, by this event, Updike is also wants to reveal that these days, boys will do anything for the girls they like, just like Sammy. Moreover, Sammy knew that when he made that decision, everything will be much harder for him: â€Å"And my stomach kind of fell as I felt how hard the world was going to be to me hereafter† (310). But he realizes that he had done the right thing and what w as done had to be done.Moreover, Sammy also indicated that he didn't want to end up like Stokesie, who was married with two kids, and will probably work in the store for the rest of his life in order to support his family. Stokesie suggests what Sammy 2 might become if he were to continue to work at the A;P. For this, Sammy is adapted to a change in his life by resigning as a cashier at A ; P. Towards the end of the story when he announces that he is quitting, he goes on to say: â€Å"a couple customers that had been heading for my slot begin to knock against each other, like scared pigs in a chute† (309).Readers may have sympathetic feelings of Sammy, because he dare to take actions even that he knew that everything will be much harder for him. It never even crossed his mind that he would quit his job because of girls. In the other hand, readers may not realize that Sammy would go far beyond. But what he had done was realistic, because people always do something that they re alize will ruin their life ahead, in other words, people sometimes do craps in their life.Thus, Sammy, the first person narrator, plays an essential role in portraying an in depth viewpoint of the story. His portrayal of a typical teen working in a dead-end job, his thoughts and feelings are very obvious in the story â€Å"A & P. † He develop through out the story, he did some outstanding decision that the reader would not expect. 3 Work Cited Updike, John. â€Å"A;P†. A Pocketful of Prose: Vintage Short Fiction Volume 1. Madden, David. Boston: Thomson Higher Education, 2006. 4

5 Steps to Writing a Spine-Tingling Story

5 Steps to Writing a Spine-Tingling Story Its that time of year again. The temperature is getting a little colder, and people are gearing up for Halloween. When people gather on moonlit nights, they love to share tales of ghosts and ghouls. Here are five important tips for writing the perfect ghost story. If you follow these suggestions, you are sure to frighten your friends and loved ones.Every effective ghost story contains certain elements that will chill the bones of the reader: The story should be based on your worst fears or situations that are scary for the average reader. Pick a frightening setting that will provide the perfect location for your story. Be sure to create well: A shadow began to grow in height, moving slowly towards Karen. Its features slowly began to come into focus, revealing a scowling face and glowing eyes. This description allows the reader to fill in some of the details, hinting at the general description of the ghost.As you write your sentences use the active voice rather than the passive voice. The active voice is a more direct way of writing that shows a subject performing a direct action such as: Mary lit the candle to see what shape was beside her in the dark. The passive voice shows the subject being acted on by the verb or action such as: The candle was lit by Mary so that she could see what shape was beside her in the dark.Once you are done writing your first draft, you should read each sentence. Check to make sure that there arent any grammatical or spelling errors. Also, check to make sure that there are no inconsistencies. For example, if an event happens at a specific time in your story, make sure that you dont use a different time when you refer to it in another place. Allow friends and family members to read your story. Fresh eyes might spot mistakes that you didnt notice.Re-write your story as needed. You should correct grammatical/spelling errors. Also, correct any inconsistencies. Now you are ready to show people your final draft.Writing ghost stories is fr ightful fun if you follow a few guidelines. Try to base your story on your own fears or someone elses. Pick a setting that is creepy and central to the action that will take place. Create well-developed characters that the reader can relate to. Use the eight-point story arc model to create an outline. Write your rough draft using the active voice, building the fear and suspense slowly. Re-read your story and correct any errors or inconsistencies. Write your final draft once you have made your corrections. Soon you will have your friends and family shaking in their shoes over your scary Halloween story.

How to Make Aspirin From Willow

How to Make Aspirin From Willow Willow bark contains a chemical active ingredient called salicin, which the body converts into salicylic acid (C7H6O3)Â  - a pain reliever and anti-inflammatory agent that is the precursor to aspirin. In the 1920s, chemists learned how to extract salicylic acid from willow bark to reduce pain and fever. Later, the chemical was modified into the present form of aspirin, which is acetylsalicylic acid. While you can prepare acetylsalicylic acid, its also nice to know how to get the plant-derived chemical directly from willow bark. The process is extremely simple: Finding Willow Bark The first step is to correctly identify the tree that produces the compound. Any of a number of species of willow contain salicin. While nearly all species of willow (Salix) contain salicin, some do not contain enough of the compound to use for a medicinal preparation. White willow (Salix alba) and black or pussy willow (Salix nigra) are most often used to obtain the aspirin precursor. Other species, such as crack willow (Salix fragilis), purple willow (Salix purpurea), and weeping willow (Salix babylonica), also may be used. Since some trees are toxic or else do not contain the active compound, its important to correctly identify willow. The bark of the tree has a distinctive appearance. Trees that are one or two years old are most effective. Harvesting bark in the spring results in higher potency than extracting the compound in other growing seasons. One study found salicin levels varied from 0.08% in fall to 12.6% in spring. How to Get Salicin From Willow Bark Cut through both the inner and outer bark of the tree. Most people advise cutting a square into the trunk. Dont cut a ring around the trunk of the tree, as this can damage or kill the plant. Dont take bark from the same tree more than once a year.Pry the bark from the tree.Shred the pink section of the bark and wrap it in a coffee filter. The filter will help keep dirt and debris from getting into your preparation.Boil 1-2 teaspoons of fresh or dried bark per 8 ounces of water for 10-15 minutes.Remove the mixture from heat and allow it to steep for 30 minutes. A typical maximum dose is 3-4 cups per day. Willow bark may also be made into a tincture (1:5 ratio in 30% alcohol) and is available in powdered form containing a standardized quantity of salicin. Comparison To Aspirin Salicin in willow bark is related to acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), but it is not chemically identical. Also, there are additional biologically active molecules in willow bark which may have therapeutic effects. Willow contains polyphenols or flavonoids that have anti-inflammatory effects. Willow also contains tannins. Willow acts more slowly as a pain-reliever than aspirin, but its effects last longer. Since it is a salicylate, salicin in willow bark should be avoided by persons with a sensitivity to other salicylates and may carry a similar risk of causing Reye syndrome as aspirin. Willow may not be safe for persons with clotting disorders, kidney disease, or ulcers. It interacts with several medications and should only be used as approved by a healthcare provider. Uses of Willow Bark Willow is used to relieve: headache painmuscle crampsmenstrual painosteoarthritis symptomsfeverback pain References WedMD, Willow Bark (retrieved 07/12/2015)University of Maryland Medical Center, Willow Bark (retrieved 07/12/2015)

The persuaders review Movie Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The persuaders - Movie Review Example Conflict Theory asserts that people with economic power control the formation of culture through media and other basic social institutions (Andersen and Taylor 73). Symbolic Interaction Theory believes in the power of human agency in shaping culture and media products (Andersen and Taylor 73). The media is actively shaping culture through its code of norms and morals that have become increasingly insistent in consuming the visual and auditory landscapes, although consumers continue to struggle in controlling their cultural development through selective media consumption. The media uses its economic resources to send messages about cultural norms and behaviors that benefit the economic elites, according to Conflict Theory. This theory asserts that culture rests on and supports social inequalities (Toland, and Barbara Mueller 92). The Persuaders show that the media does not definitely always or openly show the support for these inequalities, and yet these media messages contain values that divide people from one another. A good example is the relationship between mainstream media and the sexualization of women. Globalization is a phenomenon that has made it imperative for the media to find themes that transect cultural differences (Albarran 299). The media then bombards people with messages of sex and violence, which are universal themes. In the essay â€Å"Two Ways a Woman Can Get Hurt,† Kilbourne contends that countless advertisements perceive women as sexual objects and this message results to sexual harassment and violence against women. She explains the dangers of sexualizing women. She stresses that media promotes a culture that sexualizes women and children, thereby diminishing their value to society. Kilbourne offers numerous examples of print ads that show women either naked or in sexually provocative positions (Kilbourne 473). The main purpose of these ads is to entice people into consuming these media images, as if they are the norm. Some people then act according to these norms; thereby supporting the idea that media creates destructive cultures that support existing power structures. Naomi Klein, author of the book No Logo, warns audiences of becoming too intimately involved with brands that they forget its impact on their value systems (The Persuaders 3). Conflict Theory opposes global media messages that homogenize cultures and create cult-like obsession of brands. In the end, these messages only serve big multinational companies. Media’s power seeks to further influence identity and culture. The media wants to control more visual and auditory space to shape how people see themselves and the world they live in. Modern consumers are a paradox. On the one hand, they want to exert control over advertisements and prefer to screen out ads that annoy them. On the other hand, scores of consumers have become vulnerable to the emotional appeals of the brands that they love. Columnist for Advertising Age, Bob Garfield, ta lks about being bombarded with advertising messages in every nook and cranny of the American metropolis. Correspondent Douglass Rushkoff examines the evolving nature of marketers in what he calls â€Å"The Persuasion Industry† (The Persuaders 1). He notes the difficulty in finding advertising space in a congested landscape. Rushkoff stresses that because THE media needs to reach more and to affect people more, it increases the number of ads, which results to a vicious image of